Montage of map of Ukraine and tanks
© FT montage

On February 24 2022, the world awoke to news that Russian tanks had rolled into Ukraine.

This page is updated with the latest maps, charts and satellite imagery showing military, environmental and humanitarian aspects of the war in Ukraine.

Latest situation

Russia has made fresh gains in Ukraine’s eastern Donetsk region as President Volodymyr Zelenskyy visits the US to discuss plans to end the war.

Moscow’s forces captured the town of Ukrainsk near the logistical hub of Pokrovsk, the Russian-installed Donetsk governor said on Tuesday. A map compiled by Ukrainian group DeepState on Wednesday confirmed the advance as well as further territorial gains in the region.

Russian forces also made gains and looked closer to encircling Vulhedar and Kurakove, according to DeepState. If the two towns fall it would allow Moscow’s forces to encircle and take Pokrovsk, severing Ukraine’s main supply line to the region.

Russia’s recent advances in the area have been aided by Ukraine’s manpower and weapons deficits. Kyiv’s surprise incursion into Russia’s southern Kursk region last month has so far failed to trigger a Russian redeployment from Donetsk, with Moscow redirecting troops from other areas to defend its own territory.

Ukrainian forces have claimed some gains in the northern border area of the Kharkiv region, where the Russians occupied land in May.

Other maps and charts from the war

August 2023: Russian missile and drone strikes across Ukraine

Sankey chart outlining the types of missile used in Russia’s attack on Ukraine on the night of August 26-27 plus how many Ukraine clain to have shot down

June 2023: Ukraine’s counteroffensive

With slow progress on its counteroffensive and Russia showing no sign of quitting, Ukraine faced a protracted war that would require long-term support from allies — who were also focused on the Israel-Hamas war.

June 2023: Destruction of Kakhovka dam

Following the destruction of the Kakhovka dam in southern Ukraine on June 6, floodwaters devastated towns and villages downstream, with dozens of people perishing in the disaster amid patchy evacuation efforts in Russian-controlled territories. The flood also narrowed Ukraine’s attack options in its counteroffensive, which got under way in early June.

May 2023: Russian fortifications

Ukraine’s months-long preparation for its summer counteroffensive to try to wrest back occupied territory allowed Russia to fortify its positions along the almost 1,000km frontline.

Satellite images reviewed by the Financial Times and analysed by military experts revealed a multi-layered Russian network of anti-tank ditches, mazes of trenches, concrete “dragon’s teeth” barricades, steel “hedgehog” obstacles, spools of razor wire and minefields.

May 2023: Battle for Bakhmut

On May 21, Russia’s president Vladimir Putin hailed his first major victory since the early days of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine, claiming that Russian forces had captured the eastern city of Bakhmut, despite Kyiv insisting the battle “was not over”.

Putin said the Wagner paramilitary group had seized the Ukrainian city with help from Russia’s armed forces after months of bloody fighting that had caused more than 100,000 casualties and reduced the city to ruins.

Earlier in the year, satellite images from the Vuhledar area, south of Bakhmut in the Donetsk region, revealed the extent of damage in areas that had suffered intense artillery shelling.

September-November 2022: Ukraine retakes Kherson

A counteroffensive led to Ukraine liberating 3,000 sq km of territory in just six days, its biggest victory since it pushed Russian troops back from Kyiv in March.

Ukraine’s forces continued to push east, capturing the transport hub of Lyman, near the north-eastern edge of the Donetsk province, which it wrestled from Russian control on October 1.

The hard-fought victory came after nearly three weeks of battle and set the stage for a Ukrainian advance towards Svatove, a logistics centre for Russia after its troops lost the Kharkiv region in the lightning Ukrainian counteroffensive.

Ukrainian forces advanced into Kherson on November 11 after Russia said its forces had completed their withdrawal from the southern city, sealing one of the biggest setbacks to Putin’s invasion.

Kyiv’s progress and Moscow’s chaotic retreat across the Dnipro river under Ukrainian artillery fire meant Russia surrendered the only provincial capital it had captured in the war, as well as ceding strategic positions.

Series of maps showing Russia’s invasion of Ukraine slowed to a standstill as Ukraine fought back

March 2022: Russia fails to capture Kyiv

The Russians were thwarted in Kyiv by a combination of factors, including geography, the attackers’ blundering and modern arms, as well as Ukraine’s ingenuity with smartphones and pieces of foam mat.

Ukrainians reclaim territory around Kyiv as Russians withdraw. Map showing Ukrainian counter-offensives area around Kyiv

The refugee crisis

The number of Ukrainians fleeing the conflict has made it one of the largest refugee crises in modern history.

Ukrainian refugees seek safety in multiple countries. Map of Europe showing estimated refugees recorded, February 14 2024

Sources: Institute for the Study of War, Rochan Consulting, FT research.

Cartography and development by Steve Bernard, Chris Campbell, Caitlin Gilbert, Cleve Jones, Emma Lewis, Joanna S Kao, Sam Learner, Ændra Rininsland, Niko Kommenda, Alan Smith, Martin Stabe, Neggeen Sadid, Liz Faunce, Dan Clark and Ian Bott.

Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2024. All rights reserved.
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